基于空间激光通信组网四反射镜动态对准研究

Research on Four-Mirror Dynamic Alignment Based on Space Laser Communication Link Networks

空间激光通信全光链路组网具有较高的通信速率,决定了其在未来全球空间通信领域中的重要地位及发展方向。全光链路组网需解决一点对多点的光学链路问题,不同方法所涉及的结构和跟踪控制方式会有较大差异。基于全光链路组网光学原理,提出了一种轨面四反射镜光学天线结构。基于链路组网方案的光学动态跟踪原理进行数学建模,给出链路通信节点间动态对准时光学参量间的关系,并对数据进行分析,可用于空间激光通信终端捕获、跟踪、瞄准(ATP)控制系统。提出了一种低轨双链路列队卫星组网方案,将激光通信终端光学天线四跟踪平面反射镜的工作面置于卫星轨道平面链路节点处,可实现低轨全光链路空间激光通信组网。

All optical link networks of the space laser communication with high transmission rate determine their development position and direction in global space communication in the future. All optical link networks require to solve the problem of the one-point to multi-points optical link. Different ways to solve the problem require different optical antenna structures and different tracking control ways. Based on the optical principle of all optical link networks, a flat four-mirror optical antenna structure is proposed. The mathematical model is established based on the dynamic tracking principle of link network scheme. The mathematical relationship is given based on the optical parameters of communication nodes, and data are analyzed. It can be used as the guidance for space laser communication terminal ATP （acquisition, tracking, pointing） control system. A networking scheme of low earth orbit double links is proposed, the working plane of laser communication terminal four plane tracking mirrors optical antenna is placed at the satellite link orbit plane, and all optical link networks with space laser communication in low earth orbit can be realized.