基于系统分类和安全评估的无人机空域集成

Approach of UAS airspace integration based on systematic classification and level of safety assessment

无人机的空域集成,即无人机进入非隔离空域飞行与有人机共享空域,是未来发展的必然趋势,这也给空中交通管理带来了新的挑战.参照美国的空域集成计划,需要建立在空域详细分类的基础上,根据无人机的综合能力逐步实现无人机从单一空域到多空域,从隔离空域到非隔离空域的动态运行.而无人机的综合能力分类可以从体系划分和安全能力两个角度出发,综合衡量;其中,无人机体系基于自主能力和监管方式两个关键因素来划分.基于这种方法,分析可以初步确定一类无人机可以飞行的空域类型,以及跨越不同空域的方式,从而实现无人机空域集成.

UAS （Unmanned Aircraft System） airspace integration, which means UAVs entering non-seg regated airspace, is the trend of next generation air transportation system, which will also bring new challenges to the air traffic management. Referring to the airspace integration project of United States, the classification of airspace should be proposed. Based on the comprehensive capacity of the UAS, the operations profile can lead to a full dynamic operation solution. Aiming at evaluating UAS, two aspects are taken into consideration： the classification of the systems and the assessment of safety level; in which the two key factors of system classifi cation are autonomouscontrolabilityand surveillance method. The airspace integration of a certain type of UAS can be achieved by define the accessible airspace and the mode of operating through different types of air space.