慢性阻塞性肺疾病住院患者营养风险筛查调查研究

Investigation of the Nutrition risk of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的:调查某三甲医院慢性阻塞性肺病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)住院患者营养风险发生情况,并探讨其与并发症、住院时间的关系。方法:对COPD住院患者使用住院患者营养风险筛查NRS-2002评估表进行营养风险筛查,在患者入院次日早晨进行NRS 2002筛查,NRS 2002≥3分为有营养风险;主要的统计方法有检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验、Spearman相关等。结果:共有81例COPD住院患者入选,全部完成NRS 2002筛查,有营养风险的患者59人,营养风险发生率为72.8%;营养风险与住院天数、并发症相关,即营养风险评分越大,患者住院时间越长,越容易发生并发症。在59例有营养风险的患者中,仅有9例(15.3%)接受了营养支持。结论:营养风险重视度不足,营养支持的应用状况欠佳。我们应当更加重视COPD住院患者的营养风险与营养支持,对于存在营养风险的患者,应结合临床,根据患者的一般情况和临床特点,制订相应的营养支持方案。

Objective To investigate the incidence of nutrition risk of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） hospitalized in a first class hospital, and explore its relationship between its complication and hospitalization time. Methods The nutritional risk screening was carried out by using nutritional risk screening NRS-2002 assessment for hospitalized patients with COPD. NRS-2002 screening was performed in the next morning after patients admitted to hospital. NRS2002 ≥3 indicated the nutritional risk. The major statistics methods were A test, Wilcoxon test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Spearman correlation statistics and so on. Results 81 hospitalized patients with COPD were enrolled, all completed the NRS2002 screening. There were 59 persons with Nutritional risk, the incidence of nutritional risk was 72.8 %. Nutritional risk was associated with hospitalizaion time and complications; that was to say, the more nutritional risk score a patient got, the longer hospitalization time would be and the more likely complications would occur. Among the 59 patients with nutritional risk, only 9 cases （15.3 %） received nutritional support. Conclusion The nutrition risk of hospitalized patient was paid insufficient attentions, the application of nutritional support was in poor condition in the first class hospital. We should even more think highly of the nutrition risk and nutrition support for hospitalized patients with COPD. Regarding of the patients with nutrition risk, we should unify clinical, make a nutrition support and corresponding scheme according to patient＇s ordinary circumstance and the clinical characteristic.