三论发展优质杂交稻

The Thrid Discussion About the Development of Good quality Hybrid Rice

本文作者在９０ 年代初期先后以“发展优质杂交稻，促进三高农业上台阶”和“优质化是杂交水稻发展的必由之路”为题，论述了“发展优质杂交稻的必要性”。我国近２０ 年来，随着国民经济的持续发展，人民生活有了显著提高，迫切要求提高稻米品质。另一方面我国是人多地少、淡水资源相对贫乏的国家。面向２１ 世纪，人口还将继续增加，耕地面积还将继续减少，这个一增一减的矛盾在世纪里还将进一步激化而不是缓和。为确保２１ 世纪我国食物安全与经济安全，党中央制定了发展高产、优质、高效农业的方针。近１０ 年来有许多育种单位，相继育成了一批优质不育系和优质米组合。这些新组合不仅产量比汕优６３ 有一定提高，米质大都达到了部颁二级米标准，少数达到或接近一级优质米标准。这些事实说明，发展优质杂交稻不仅是必需的，也是切实可行的。

Early 1990s, the author of this article took “developing good quality hybrid rice and promoting three high agriculture to go up new stage” and “good quality is the inevitable coures of developing rice” as topics to discuss the necessity of developing hybrid rice. In recent 20 years on one hand, with the continuing advance of national economy, the people's living standard has obviously been raised, and improving the quality of rice has become an urgent requirement; on the other hand, China is a country which, with respect to land, has large population and relatively short resources of fresh water. What is more, this kind of contradiction will be more aggravating in the future. In order to ensure the safeties of food and ceonomy in the 21th contury, the Central Committee of the Party made the policy of high yield, good quality and high effect agriculture. In the last 10 years, many breeding units have cultured a lot of sterile lines and good qaulity rice combinations, not only is the yield of these new combinations higher than that of Shanyou 63 but also the quality of rice of most of them is up to the second standard pubished by the Department of Agriculture, and a small number of them is up to the first standard. These facts indicate that developing good quality hybird rice is not only necessary but also practical.