旱塬地玉米耗水特点及提高水分利用率途径

Characteristics of Water Consumption and Ways of Raising Water Use Efficiency for Dryland Corn

研究结果表明 ,农田耗水主要在 1m以上土层 ,玉米对 0～ 50cm土层的水分利用率达6 0 % ;玉米农田棵间土壤水分蒸发占农田蒸散的 4 7 6 %～ 77 5% ,整个生育期棵间蒸发与叶面积指数呈负相关 ,玉米产量与蒸腾量呈正相关 ;秸秆覆盖可有效减少棵间土壤水分蒸发 ;

The study results indicated that water consumption of farmland was mainly in the soil layer no deeper than 1m; the water use efficiency of corn in 0～50 cm soil layer approached to 60%; the evaporation of soil water among corn plants with different treatments made up 47.6～77.5% of the farmland evapotranspiration; the evaporation among corn plants in the whole growing period was negatively related to leaf area index and corn yield was positively related to the transpiration of plants; stalk mulch can efficiently reduce the evaporation of soil water among corn plants; proper fertilization can promote corn's utilization of soil water.