云南籼稻每公顷15吨高产的产量及其结构分析

Analysis on Grain Yield and Yield Components of the 15 t/hm ~2 Highyielding In dica Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) in Yunnan

本文利用 IR72、汕优 63等材料 ,在云南永胜县涛源乡高产环境下 ,对高产品种的产量及其构成因素分析研究表明 ,高产品种的结实率与产量呈极显著的正相关 ,相关系数为 0 .8181;有效穗与穗粒数呈显著负相关。有效穗、穗粒数、结实率和千粒重对产量的直接效应均为正值 ,其中以结实率的影响力最大 ,直接通径系数为 0 .7979。穗数型、大穗型和中间型的品种 (组合 )均能获得 15t/ hm2 的产量 ,但穗粒协调的中间型品种更易获得 15t/ hm2 的高产。云南涛源获得每公顷 15t以上产量就在于在高水平的穗数群体下 ,仍能协调与穗粒数及产量的关系 ,使得粒数和粒重达到相当的水平 ,1996年汕优 63获得 15.2 7t/ hm2产量的产量结构为 ,每平方米穗数 4 89,每穗实粒数 10 1.4 ,千粒重 30 .7g;桂朝 2号获 15.18t/ hm2 的产量结构为每平方米穗数 4 33,每穗实粒数 12 6.2 ,千粒重 2 7.

Field experiments were conducted in the high yielding environment at Taoyuan to wnship Yu nnan, in 1995 and 1996. Yield and yield components were observated and the relat ionship between yield and yield components were investigated. The main results are as follows The highest yields were 15.27 t/hm 2 for Shanyou 63, a Chinese indica hybrid rice, and 15.18 t/hm 2 for Guichao 2, a Chinese conventional indi ca rice cultivar at Taoyuan in 1996. The analysis of correlation between yield s and yield components indicated that there were extremely significant correlati on (0.8181) between seed setting rate and yield. The correlation between panicle p er m 2 and spikelet per panicle were negative. This suggested that seed setting rate mainly caused the increment of yield. The path analysis of yields and yie ld components showed that the correlations of panicle per m 2, spikelets per pa nicle, seed setting rate and 1000 grain weight to yield were positive. The dire ct effect of seed setting rate yield (0.7979) was the highest. All kinds of the cultivar type can attain high grain yield, but the intermediate cultivar with a coodinate relationship between panicle and seeds could be the easiest one for g etting grain yield over 15 t/hm 2.