临床药师对乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗药学宣教的效果分析

Analysis of the Effect of Pharmacy Education by Clinical Pharmacists on Antiviral Therapy for Type B Hepatitis Patients

目的:了解具有抗病毒治疗指征的慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染肝病患者未接受抗病毒治疗的原因,并对抗病毒治疗药学宣教的效果进行评价。方法:随机选取住院和门诊具有抗病毒治疗指征的慢性HBV感染相关肝病患者,对未接受抗病毒治疗的患者进行原因分析。对住院患者开展抗病毒治疗的药学监护实践,并统计分析药学服务后的效果。结果:抗病毒治疗总体实施率为88.7%,门诊与住院患者差异无统计学意义;导致患者不接受抗病毒治疗的主要原因依次为经济因素(占28.6%)、担心耐药(占27.8%)、生育问题(占22.2%);临床药师对262名住院患者实施药学服务前后,各项统计指标差异均有统计学意义。结论:慢性乙型肝炎患者的抗病毒治疗实施率较高,经济因素、担心耐药、生育问题是目前制约患者实施抗病毒治疗的主要因素;临床药师在保证患者合理用药、确保药物疗效和提高服药依从性方面,发挥了重要作用。

OBJECTIVE： To understand the causes of chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection patients with liver disease who did not receive antiviral therapy, and to evaluate the effect of pharmacy education on antiviral treatment. METHODS： The inpa- tients and outpatients with chronic HBV infection were randomly selected. The reasons for the patients who did not receive antiviral therapy were analyzed. The pharmaceutical care of antiviral therapy was developed for inpatients, and the effect of pharmaceutical care was analyzed statistically. RESULTS： The overall implementation rate of antiviral therapy was 88.7%; there was no statistical significance in outpatients and inpatients. The main reasons for patients not receiving antiviral treatment were economic factors （28.6%）, fear of resistance （27.8%） and fertility problems （22.2%）. Above indexes had statistical significance before and after clinical pharmacists provided pharmaceutical care for 262 inpatients. CONCLUSIONS： Antiviral therapy in patients with chronic HBV infection have high implementation rate relatively. Economic factors, worrying about resistance and fertility problems are the main factors of restricting the implementation of antiviral therapy. Clinical pharmacists play an important role in ensuring rational dru use and dru effect and imorovin medication comoliance.