CO_2浓度增加对C_3、C_4作物生理特性影响的实验研究

The Experimental Study of the Effects of CO_2 Concentration Enrich ment on Physiological Feature of C_3 and C_4 Crops

通过对 C3小麦、大豆、大白菜和 C4 玉米在不同 CO2 浓度 ( 350× 10 -5、 50 0× 10 -6、 60 0×10 -6、 70 0× 10 -6)条件下的生长模拟实验和生理特性研究表明 ,CO2 浓度增加 ,促使作物光合速率增长 ,光合时间略有延长 ,光补偿点明显下降 ,蒸腾系数减小 ,叶气温差增大 ,叶温升高。 70 0× 10 -6和50 0× 10 -6比 350× 10 -6小麦光合速率分别增长 30 .7%和 11.7% ,大豆增长 63.4 %和 4 2 .7% ,大白菜增长 68.0 %和 39.0 % ,玉米增长 15.7%和 4 .7% ,C3作物比 C4 反应明显 ;蒸腾系数小麦下降 14.3%和 7.7% ,大白菜下降 2 7.1%和 2 3.1% ,玉米下降 16.8%和 10 .4 %

The experimental study in different CO 2 concentration conditions (350×10 - 6 , 500×10 -6 , 600×10 -6 , 700×10 -6 ) for C 3 wheat, soybean, Chinese cabbage and C 4 maize showed that as CO 2 concentrion went up, then p hotosynthetic rate was increased, photosynthetic period of time was extended, bu t light compensation point and transpiration ratio were decreased, the difference between leaf and air temperature, as well as leaf temperature rise. Compared wit h 350×10 -6 treatment, the increasing rate of photosynthetic rate were 30. 7% and 11.7% for wheat, 63.4% and 42.7% for soybean, 68.0% and 39.0% for Chinese cabbage, 15.7% and 4.7% for maize; the decreasing rate of transpiration ratio w ere 14.3% and 7.7% for wheat, 27.1% and 23.1% for Chinese cabbage, 16.8% and 10. 4% for maize at 700×10 -6 and 500×10 -6 treatments.