特殊教育学校校园文化建设的价值旨归与路径建构

The Value Orientation and Method Development for Campus Culture in Special Education Schools

特殊教育学校与普通学校文化建设主体的不同,决定了其校园文化具有区别于普通学校校园文化的独特特征,应对其作深入的理论与实践探究。然而现实却令人失望,表现为:在基本研究方面,相对宏观,可操作性不强;在基本结构方面,整体发展失衡;在建设的主体参与方面,学生主体性遭到遮蔽;在文化模式方面,个性化不足。校园文化建设的价值旨归在于主体生命精神的建构,即:超越缺陷,体验生命价值与生活意义;走向他者,实现生命主体间的融合。应从以下几方面建构路径:立足基础,加强理论探索与案例研究;基于生命个体,创建和谐"文化场";促进文化认同,营建全纳文化精神。

Compared with normal schools, special education schools have their unique campus culture. How- ever, insttfficient research has been made into the theories and practice of the campus culture of special education schools： the basic research is relatively macroscopic and lacks operability; the overall development is unbalanced; students＇ participation is neglected; and the individuality of campus culture has been overlooked. In view of this, the value of campus culture should be oriented to the construction of individuals＇ life spirit. Specifically, students should be taught to nrake up for their deficiencies and experience the value and meaning of life, cooper- ate with others and achieve the integration of lives. Accordingly, the campus culture in special education schools is supposed to be constructed with the following methods： advancing theoretical research and case studies; creating a harmonious ＂cultural field＂ based on the needs of students＇ life; and promoting the cultural identity by creating inclusive culture.