198例早产资料的回顾性分析

Retrospective study of 198 premature delivery patients

目的：探讨早产发生的危险因素及其对母儿的影响。方法：将焦作市妇幼保健院2012年1～7月住院诊断为早产的198例患者作为研究对象设为观察组，选取同期住院的198例足月分娩产妇为对照组，对比研究早产发生的相关因素及对母儿的影响。同时按照孕周将观察组分为A（孕周为28～33＋6周）、B（孕周为34～36＋6周）两组，回顾性分析其临床资料，并分析不同孕周早产儿的结局。结果：胎膜早破、妊娠期高血压疾病、双胎妊娠是早产发生的首位因素，不同孕周其围产儿病死率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），且B组的围产儿与A组的围产儿相比较体重、新生儿窒息率及死亡率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：早产患者大多存在有高危因素，对高危孕产妇应加强监测与管理，进行孕期卫生指导，适当用药，预防胎膜早破，减少早产的发生。

Objective： To explore the risk factors of premature delivery and its effects on mother and infants. Methods： 198 pa- tients, who were diagnosed as premature delivery in Maternal and Child Hospital of Jiaozuo City from January 2012 to July 2012, were con- sidered as treatment group and another 198 term birth inpatients were selected as the control group. They were compared to investigate the re- lated risk of premature delivery and its effects on mother and infants. The patients in the treatment group were divided into group A （ gestation week from 28 to 33 ＋6 weeks） and B （gestation week from 34 to 36 ＋6 weeks） . The clinical data were collected and analyzed retrospective- ly. And the outcome of premature infants with different gestation weeks were discussed. Results ： The premature rupture of fetal membranes, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and twin pregnancy were the first factors of premature delivery. The fatality rates of perinatal in- fants were significantly different in the patients with different gestation weeks. There were significant differences in weight, neonatal asphyxia rate and mortality rate between group A and B （P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusion： There are usually high risk factors in premature delivery patients. Therefore, it is better to enhance monitoring and management, take pregnancy health guidance and medicate properly in order to prevent premature rupture of fetal membranes, reduce the incidence rate of premature delivery and improve the quality of obstetrics.