农地转让权、劳动力迁移与城乡收入差距

Rural Land Transfer Rights, Labor Migration and Urban-Rural Inequality

本文通过建立反映农地转让权作用机制的城乡二元结构转变模型,分析了农地转让权不完全对农村劳动力迁移和城乡收入差距的影响。模型的分析表明,不完全的农地转让权抑制了土地的资产属性和流动性,导致迁移劳动力无法将其在农村的土地财产转移到城市以用于承担城市的生活成本,因而使得他们难以在城市永久定居,只能选择出卖简单的劳动力在城市进行非永久迁移。这一定程度上又导致了迁移劳动力在城市的贫困,加剧城乡收入差距。通过参数校准和数值模拟,我们发现在其他条件不变的情况下,不完全的农地转让权对劳动力迁移和城乡收入差距具有显著影响,改善农地转让权有利于推动劳动力永久迁移并能显著缩小城乡收入差距。

This paper develops a dual economy transformation model to understand the mechanism and impact of incomplete rural land transfer rights on labor migration and urban-rural inequality. The theoretical model shows that the incomplete land transfer fights restricts the asset attributes and liquidity of land, leads to the migrant cannot transfer their rural land property to urban to take the cost of living in city, which makes the migrant difficult to settle permanently in the city, but only temporary migration to sell their simple labor, and further leads to the migrant in urban poverty and increases the rural-urban income gap. The numerical simulation shows that incomplete land transfer fights have significant effect on labor migration and rural-urban income gap, improvement the land transfer rights that helpful to promote labor permanent migration and shorten rural-urban income gap.