2011—2012年深圳市坪山新区职业病危害项目申报情况

Declaration status of occupational hazards projects in Pingshan New Area of Shenzhen City from 2011-2012

目的通过了解深圳市坪山新区工业企业职业病危害现状,为职业病防治策略提供依据。方法对坪山新区职业病危害项目申报资料、检测资料进行计算机录入、统计及χ2检验。结果 2011—2012年已申报存在职业病危害项目的生产企业有859家,主要集中在小、微型企业,接触职业病危害因素的劳动者所占的比例较高的行业分别是工艺品制造业、家具制造业、印刷业,主要的职业病危害因素有噪声、粉尘、甲苯等。通过对84家企业职业病危害因素检测报告进行分析,物理因素的超标率为40.00%,化学因素为6.50%,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=267.79,P<0.01);粉尘超标率为38.10%,与化学因素比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=185.20,P<0.01)。结论根据该辖区企业职业病危害项目申报和调查情况,应针对工艺品制造业、家具制造业、印刷业,特别是小、微型企业,加强职业病防治工作,而噪声与粉尘是职业病防治的重点危害因素。

[ Objective ] To understand the current situation of occupational hazards in industrial enterprises of Pingshan New Area of Shenzhen City, provide a basis for developing the prevention and control strategies of occupational diseases. [ Methods] The declaration and detection data of occupational hazards projects in Pingshan New Area were analyzed by chi-square test. [ Results ] 859 manufacturing enterprises have declared the occupational hazards projects during 2011-2012, and most of them were small and micro enterprises. The industries with higher proportion of workers exposed to occupational hazards included handicraft manufacturing industry, furniture manufacturing industry and printing industry, while the major occupational hazards were noise, dust and toluene. The resuhs of occupational hazards detection in 84 enterprises showed that the exceeding standard rate of physical factors and chemical factors was 40.00% and 6.50% respectively, and the difference was significant （ X^2 = 267.79, P 〈 0.01 ）, while the exceeding standard rate of dust was 38.10%, and there was significant difference between dust and chemical factors （ X^2 = 185.20, P 〈0.01）. [ Conclusion] According to status of declaration and investigation of occupational hazards projects in the enterprises of Pingshan New Area, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of occupational diseases in handicraft manufacturing industry, furniture manufacturing industry and printing industry, especially small and micro enterprises, and the noise and dust are the main hazards of occupational disease prevention.