老年痴呆患者护理人员及家属心理健康状况研究

Study on the mental health status of nursing staff and family members of elderly patients with senile dementia

目的:探讨住院老年期痴呆患者护理人员及家属心理健康状况。方法:调查上海某区2家医疗机构住院老年痴呆患者病房的护士、护理员及家属的社会人口学特征,同时使用抑郁和工作耗竭评估量表对其进行评估分析。结果:护士抑郁评分与抑郁症状的阳性率两次评估比较差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理员在上岗之初与上岗后3个月的抑郁评估评分与阳性率均明显降低(P<0.01),但情感耗竭、人格解离评分水平增高(P<0.05);家属在患者入院初期时的抑郁评分明显高于3个月后(P<0.01),情感耗竭在患者住院后3个月有一定程度的降低(P<0.05)。结论:老年痴呆患者住院后,减轻了家属的心理负担,而护士的抑郁及工作耗竭始终处较高水平,护理员随着工作时间的延长可增加患工作耗竭症的风险。

Objective：To study the mental health status of nursing staff and family members of hospitalized elderly patients with senile dementia. Methods ： An investigation was made on the sociodemographic characteristics of ward nurses, caregivers and family members of the hosptalized elderly patients with dementia in 2 medical institutions of a certain district in Shanghai city. The depression and exhaustion as- sessment scale was used to assess and analyze the data. Results ： The difference in the comprison of the depression score with the positive rate of depressive symptoms in two - time assessment was not statistically significant （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; the depression score and the positive rate in caregivers significantly reduced at the beginning of employment and after working for 3 months（ P 〈 0.01 ） ;the emotional exhaustion and personality dissociation scores increased （ P 〈 0.05 ）; the depression score of family members was significantly higher at the early stage of admission of the patints than that after hospitalization for 3 months （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; the emotional exhaustion decreased to some extent after the patients were admitted for 3 months （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： The depression and emotional exhaustion is in higher level in nurses all the time. The risk of suffering from job burnout in caregivers will be increased as the working time prolonged.