皮肤病患者心理特征分析及护理干预效果

Analysis of the psychological characteristics of patients with skin disease and effect of nursing intervention

目的:通过对皮肤病患者的心理健康水平和人格特征进行调查分析,了解皮肤病患者的心理健康现状和人格特征,分析可能致病或加重的因素,探讨心理护理对皮肤病患者负性情绪及病情的影响。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对84例皮肤病患者分别进行心理健康和人格特征测查。将测查数据进行统计处理,并对所调查的皮肤病患者随机分为观察组和对照组各42例,观察组在进行常规检查和治疗的同时实施护理干预,对照组实施常规治疗,经过一段时间后再次对两组患者进行测查和评定。结果:皮肤病患者SCL-90、SAS、SDS评分与正常成人常模比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);护理后实验组SCL-90总分显著高于对照组(P<0.01),SAS、SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:皮肤病患者普遍存在心理问题,对皮肤病患者实施心理护理能促进疗效,降低负性情绪。

Objective：To understand the mental health status and personality characteristics of the patients with skin disease and ana- lyze the possible predisposing factors and to explore the effect of psychological care on the negative emotion and conditions of the patients through the investigation and analysis of the mental health status and personality characteristics of patients with skin disease. Methods ： SCL - 90, SAS and SDS were used to make an investigation on the mental health and personality characteristics of 84 patients with skin dis- ease, and then the investigated patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group（42 cases in each group）. The nursing intervention was implemented in the observation group based on routine examination and treatment;the routine treatment was given to the patients in the control group. The assessment of the conditions of the patients was made after a period of time. Results ： There were statistically significant differences in the comparison of the scores of SCL - 90, SAS and SDS with normal adult norm （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; the scores of SCL - 90 were significantly higher in the observation group than the control group after nursing care（ P 〈0.01 ） ;the scores of SAS and SDS were lower in the observation group than the control group（P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion：The patients with skin disease generally have psychological problems. The psychological care can improve the therapeutic effect and reduce negative emotion of the patients.