消除学校中的种族偏见——美国民族教育的核心问题

Eliminating Racial Prejudice in Schools — A Problem at the Core in U.S. Ethnic Education

种族问题是美国政治、经济和社会生活各个领域普遍存在并引起关注的问题。学校教育中的种族偏见与歧视历来是实现受教育机会均等的最大障碍，因而也是美国教育中的一个突出问题。本文综述了社会学、人类学和心理学解释种族偏见的各种理论，分析了８０年代以来美国教育界，尤其是基础教育领域中围绕着消除种族偏见开展的一次广泛而深入的改革。改革中提出的一些具体建议、实施策略、对教师的要求等。

Racial problems exist in the fields of politics, economy and the social life in the United States, and to which a good deal of attention have been paid by the public. The racial prejudice and discrimination in school education have always been the greatest obstacle to the realization of equal opportunity in education, and thus have become a conspicuous problem in the U. S. education. This article summarizes the various theories of sociological, anthropologi- cal and psychological explanations of racial prejudice, and analyses the widespread and pro- found reforms eliminating racial prejudice carried out in the U. S. educational circles, especially in the field of elementary education since the 1980s. Some concrete proposals, effectual tactics, and the demands on teachers put forward in these reforms are enlightening and useful for the development of our country＇s national and ethnic education.