格赖斯“自然意义”及其与“所言”的内在关系研究

On Gricean “Natural Meaning” and Its Intrinsic Relationship with “What is Said”

在格赖斯意义理论前期,"自然意义"表征必然联系,体现"非理性事实";在格赖斯意义理论后期,"自然意义"侧重指规约意义,体现"制度性事实"。格赖斯"自然意义"的"事实性"特征决定了"所言"的确定性;格赖斯意义理论前期对"自然意义"与"非自然意义"区别的强调剥离了"所言"与"所含",格赖斯意义理论后期"祖先/后裔说"的提出说明"所含"由"所言"派生而来。

It is discovered in this paper that ＂natural meaning＂ in early Gricean theory of meaning is the truth-valuable meaning ,which is bound to ＂brute facts＂ and reflective of inevitable link while ＂natural meaning＂ in late Gricean theory of meaning is conventional meaning,which is bound to ＂institutional facts＂. In addition, it is found in this paper that natural- meaning＇s attribute of ＂factivity＂ determines the determinacy of ＂what is said＂, that ＂what is said＂ and implicature are disintegrated in early Gricean theory of meaning due to his emphasis on the distinction between ＂natural meaning＂ and ＂non-natural meaning＂ and that implicature is derived from ＂what is said＂ in late Gricean theory of meaning due to his initiation of ＂ancestor/ descendant＂ theory.