论儒家自然人性论与礼乐教育的关系

The Relation Between the Theory of Human Nature and the Education of Li and Yue

儒家的自然人性论将"性"界定为天赋的客观材质与能力,不涉及道德属性。因此,人能否成德依赖于后天的教化,礼乐便是其中的重要途径。内在的人性会与外物相接触,表现为外在的情。礼乐教育都作用于情,但两者的方式有差异:"礼"通过礼仪制度来节制情感,防止其肆意妄为,进而使人产生道德意识,其作用是由外向内的;"乐"则通过审美活动由内而外的引导人性,使情感油然而发,自觉地符合道德规范。礼乐教育从内与外两方面入手,培育并约束情感,借此陶冶人格,实现成德的目的。

The Confucian School＇s the theory of human nature defines ＂Xing＂ as the objective material and power of inborn,and has no relation with moral property. Therefore,Li and Yue are very important way to acquire the humanization which the human rely on having moral. The inherent humanity contacts the externals and presents the external affection. Both Li and Yue Education act on the affection,but there is a difference in the method： Li moderates the affection with ceremony to prevent the chutzpah, and then makes human have moral consciousness. The mechanism of the function is from inward to extrinsic. Yue guides the human nature with aesthetic to make the affection from the inside heart, and conforms to the moral norm consciously. Li and Yue Education cultivate and restrict the affections both in inward and extrinsic,and mould the personality to get moral.