韦伯与桑巴特比较视角下的现代社会起源——兼论中国现代性之发端

The Origin of Modern Society Under the Perspective of Comparision Between Max Weber and Werner Sombart——Concurrently Discuss with the Start of Chinese Modernity

现代社会的起源是社会学追问的一个本源问题,马克斯·韦伯和维尔纳·桑巴特以"俭"与"奢"的精彩对决,从西方社会的文化密码中破解了现代资本主义起源于欧洲的合理性,但这对立的两极又回归至现代性困局的一致忧虑。理性的全面殖民和主体的过度弘扬,不断指向人们反思个人在现代社会的生存意义和价值理想。较之西方的现代性,中国的现代性在西方现代工业文明与本土儒家文明的冲突中演变和发展。处理好传统与现代、民族性与世界性的关系,在与西方的对话与融合中,塑造中国特色的现代性,需要不断建构中国政治、经济、社会和文化全面协调发展的现代文明秩序。

The origin of modern society is a fundamental Sombart argued the competing theory, which comes from question to investigate in Sociology. Max Weber and Werner the difference between asceticism and avarice. They found out the reasonability that modern capitalism originated in the Europe through the culture code of Western Society. However, their polar opposites come back to the same anxiety about the plight of modernity. The wide colonization of ration and overmuch promotion of subjectivity guide us individuals to reflect the meaning,value and ideal of life. Comparing with the western modernity, in China, it is evolving and developing within the conflict of western industrial civilization and locally Confucian culture. Therefore, we should deal well with the relationship between tradition and modernity, and also the relationship between nationality and globality. We should keep exchanging and merging with the western world to model the modernity of our own with Chinese characteristics, so as to construct an order of modern civilization, in which the politics,economy,society and culture could develop at every point in harmony.