大学社会责任培育的历史嬗变、国际经验和中国探索

Historical Changes,International Experience and the Case in China: Social responsibility of university education

当今世界,此起彼伏的政治、社会、经济、生态等方面危机实际上是人类良心、道德、信仰和精神的危机,根本上是社会责任缺失的危机,强烈期待着大学培养出更多更富有社会责任感的人才。自古以来,大学担当社会责任有两个层面,一是在整体上以人才培养为根本,由教学、科研、服务和文化相互促进的"一本多元"责任体系;二是在人才培养上以个性发展和社会责任为核心,德、才、情、志等多极支撑的"双核多极"格局。纵览国际高等教育界,一些大学显现出共同特点:将责任理念引导嵌入育人全程,多途径提高学生的责任智识和能力,培育全球关怀和跨文化理解的情感,塑造学生的领导力和领袖精神。中国大学发展历程,是一个促进学生全面发展、培养社会责任的探索过程。为适应社会需求,当代大学生理应在理想信念、知识能力、品德意志、开创精神上卓越出众,健康成长。大学在帮助学生成功中,努力做到个性不消磨、责任不淡化、教学不边缘、实践不再远、成长可持续。

Today crises rise and fall in economic, political, social and ecological contexts at the global level and are in fact manifestations of crises in human conscience, moral values, belief systems and collective psychology, resulting from lack of social responsibility that to cultivate social responsibility talents. In fact, a university has, ever since its start, been shoul- dering social responsibility at two levels.. （i） ＂one unified system of multiplicity＂ for students＇ talent development; and （ii） a ＂duo-core multi-polar＂ environment supported by personality development and social responsibility on the one hand, and multiple poles of virtue, capability, emotions and determination on the other. A broad survey of higher education at the in- ternational level reveals certain commonalities, such as （i） incorporating the concept of responsibility into all-round educa-tion, （ii） elevating students＇ sense of responsibility and capability, （iii） encouraging care and understanding across cultures in global terms, and （iv） shaping their leadership spirits and leading abilities. Therefore, to cope with the changes in social needs, contemporary university students are expected to grow and develop in healthy way with exceptional achievements in knowledge, ability, integrity, stamina and innovation while adhering to respectability ideals and beliefs. To that goal, uni-versities on the other hand are demanded to retain its own characteristic with responsibility conscience.