鄱阳湖都昌候鸟自然保护区夏季鸟类群落结构

Summer Bird Community Structure in Duchang Migratory Bird Nature Reserve of Poyang Lake

2010年7月和2012年8月,本研究利用样线法对江西省鄱阳湖都昌候鸟自然保护区的夏季鸟类群落组成与结构进行了研究。野外调查共记录鸟类12目39科119种,国家重点保护物种4种,包括黑冠鹃隼Aviceda leuphotes、红脚隼Falco amurensis、小鸦鹃Centropus bengalensis、褐翅鸦鹃Centropus sinensis。该区夏季鸟类以雀形目、鸻形目和鹳形目为主,分别占鸟类总种数的56.3%、10.9%和8.4%。留鸟65种,夏候鸟31种,冬候鸟23种,分别占总数的54.6%、26.1%和19.3%。在地理区系构成上,该区鸟类组成具有明显的东洋界特征,东洋界种类共60种,古北界种类达31种,广布种28种,分别占总数的50.4%、26.1%、23.5%。有7种冬候鸟在2010年和2012年的夏季调查中均被记录到。都昌候鸟自然保护区2010年夏季优势种为白鹭Egretta garzetta和八哥Acridotheres cristatellus,2012年夏季优势种为八哥、麻雀Passer montanus和牛背鹭Bubulcus ibis。

In July 2010 and August 2012, the summer bird community structure of Duchang Migratory Bird Nature Re- serve in Poyang Lake was studied by line-transect method. A total of 119 bird species belonging to 39 families of 12 orders were recorded. Additionally, 4 species were listed as national protected species. The bird community was mainly composed of Passeriformes, Charadriiformes and Ciconiiformes, which accounted for 56.3% , 10.9% , and 8.4% of the total number of bird species, ＂respectively ; 65 bird species were resident, 31 were summer migrants, and 23 were winter migrants ; 60 bird species were belong to Oriental realm and 31 belong to Palaearctie realm as well as 28 widespread species, which ac- counted for 50.4% , 26.1% , and 23.5% , respectively. Moreover, 7 bird species of winter resident were recorded in the summer of 2010 and 2012. Acridotheres cristatellus and Egretta garzetta were the dominant bird species in 2010, Acridotheres cristateUus, Passer montanus and Bubulcus ibis were the dominant bird species in 2012.