“语文能力”新解及对语文课程建构的启示

The New Interpretation of Chinese Proficiency and Its Implication on Structured Content of Chinese Curriculum

语文能力是由一般能力和语文活动所需的特殊能力——言语经验格有机融合而成的一种综合能力;语文活动过程就是以一般能力为依托的言语经验格的运作过程。言语经验格包含着言语知识和言语技能两种要素。在掌握言语知识和言语技能的基础上,对所获言语经验进行整合类化形成言语经验格,并以一般能力为依托,形成语文能力。从语文能力的实质、结构与形成机制看,语文课程应向学生提供如下内容:显性语文知识;言语活动的范例、言语作品和语文实践活动;语文技能训练;表达和整合言语经验的机会。

Chinese proficiency is a kind of comprehensive proficiency which is formed by general proficiency and particular proficiency needed by Chinese activity （ speech experience form ）. The process of Chinese activity is an operational process of speech experience form, which is based on general proficiency. Speech experience form contains two elements ： speech knowledge and speech skill. On the basis of grasping speech knowledge and speech skill, the integration and generalization of the received speech experience forms speech experience form. And based on general proficiency, the speech proficiency was built up. From the nature, structure and mechanism of formation of Chinese proficiency, Chinese curriculum should provide with the following contents for students： overt Chinese knowledge ; paradigms of speech activity ; speech works and Chinese practical activity ; Chinese skill train- ing; opportunities to express and integrate speech experience.