广东石化20Mt/a劣质重油加工项目总加工流程的优化

The Overall Configuration Optimization for Guangdong Petrochemical′s 20Mt/a Heavy Oil Processing Project

广东石化20Mt/a劣质重油加工项目,由中国石油天然气股份有限公司和委内瑞拉国家石油公司共同出资建设,是中委两国在石油领域上中下游一体化合作的重要组成部分。项目加工的委内瑞拉Merey 16原油具有"六高"(密度高、含硫高、含氮高、残炭高、金属高、酸值高)性质,属劣质重油,加工难度很大。全厂总加工流程采用了"延迟焦化-蜡油加氢处理-催化裂化-加氢裂化"的技术路线。经过技术经济比选和国内外调研,减压渣油的加工采用了延迟焦化工艺,延迟焦化工艺具有原料适应性强、操作费用低等优点,技术成熟可靠,尤其适于加工高硫高金属含量的劣质渣油,是加工Merey 16减压渣油的适用工艺。延迟焦化装置生产的高硫石油焦作为气化装置(POX)的原料。POX装置作为全厂氢气的主要来源,具有良好的经济性。采用6台气化炉的配置,全厂供氢可靠性达到98.3%。广东石化20Mt/a劣质重油加工方案,尤其是减压渣油的加工方案,可以为劣质重油的加工提供参考。

Guangdong Petrochemical Company＇s 20Mt/a heavy crude processing project was jointly funded by PetroChina and PDVSA and is part of an upstream,midstream and downstream integrated cooperative program between China and Venezuela in the oil sector.The project processes Venezuelan Merey 16 crude oil,which is characterized by high density,high sulfur content,high nitrogen content,high carbon residue content,high metal content and high acid value.Due to its low quality,the crude is very difficult to process.The overall processing flow of the project is the technical route of ＂delayed coking--wax oil hydrotreating--catalytic cracking--hydrocracking＂.Through technical and economic comparison and surveys conducted both within and outside China,the project operator adopted delayed coking technology for vacuum residuum processing,which has many benefits,such as strong raw material adaptability and low operating cost.The proven technology is especially suitable for use in processing inferior residuum with high sulfur and metal contents and is a good option for processing Merey 16 vacuum residuum.High-sulfur petroleum coke produced by the delayed coking unit can be used as the feedstock for a gasification unit （POX）.As the major source of hydrogen for the en- tire project,the POX unit has good economic effficiency.With six gasifiers,the reliability of hydrogen supply of the project could reach 98.3%.The 20Mt/a low-quality crude processing scheme adopted by Guangdong Petrochemical Company ,particularly the scheme for processing vacuum residuum ,can be used for reference by other low-quality crude processing projects.