天然气分布式能源在浙江的发展前景分析

Prospects for Development of Distributed Natural Gas-fired Power Generation in Zhejiang

进入21世纪以来,浙江省的大气环境质量逐年下降。同时,作为东部沿海经济发达省份,浙江省的能源需求不断增长,2012年底全省电力总装机容量达到6170×104kW,其中火电比例比世界平均水平高出很多,而天然气发电、核电及可再生能源等清洁能源所占比例明显偏少。同时浙江省的煤炭自给率不到0.1%,一旦煤炭供应紧张,将会对电力供应产生很大影响,优化能源结构成为当务之急。分布式能源是解决能源与环境问题的一个重要举措,但当前浙江省还没有真正意义上的天然气分布式能源系统投入商业运行。从严峻的环保形势和能源安全供应的角度考虑,浙江省有发展天然气分布式能源的必要性;而从气源供应、市场需求、政策导向以及管理经验和人才优势来看,浙江省已具备发展天然气分布式能源的可行性。建议要转变观念,做好规划布局,简化审批程序,健全行业立法,充分考虑天然气分布式能源的环境效益,给予装机补贴、天然气差别供应价格及税收减免等优惠政策,通过示范工程的带动效应,有序推进浙江省的天然气分布式能源建设。同时,要做好天然气资源的拓展和储备工作。

The air quality in Zhejiang province has been declining continuously since the beginning of the 21st century.At the same time,as a developed province in the eastern coastal area,Zhejiang is consuming an in- creasing amount of energy.At the end of 2012,Zhejiang＇s installed generating capaicty stood at 6170×10^4kW. The share of thermal power generating capacity in the province is much higher than the global average and the shares of natural gas-fired generating capacity,nuclear power capaicty ,and renewable energy source-fired generating capacity are very low.At the same time,Zhejiang＇s self-sufficiency rate of coal is less than 0.1%. Once coal supply comes tight,the power generation in the province will be affected dramatically.For the above reasons,optimizing energy mix is a task of top priority for the province.Distributed power generation is an important approach that can be used to solve energy and environmental problems.However,Zhejiang province has not yet put any proper distributed NG-fired power generating system into commercial use to date.Given the stern environmental situation,and from the energy security perspective,there is necessity for Zhejiang to develop distributed natural gas-fired power generating systems.In terms of the availability of gas sources,market demand,policy orientation,managerial experience,and talant advantage,Zhejiang now already has the conditions for developing distributed natural gas-fired power generating systems.The authors of this article suggest Zhejiang province proval formalities ,perfect industry should change traditional ideas,make good development plans,simplify ap- regulations ,give full consideration to the environmental benefits of distributed natural gas-fired power generating systems,offer subsidies and tax breaks to such system,differentiate NG prices,and push the construction of distributed natural gas-fired power generating systems progressively by drawing on the successful experience from demonstration programs.These authors also suggest the province make a good job of natural gas exploration and reserve.