清华简《耆夜》与《诗经》相关词语的考释——兼论《诗经》科学阐释体系的建立

On the Article“Qi Ye”from the Bamboo Slips at Qinghua University and Interpretation of Related Words in The Book of Songs:with a Discussion on Establishing the Scientific Interpretation System of The Book of Songs

清华简《耆夜》对篇题所作的解释,应以《诗经》中"耆"字的含义及《武宿夜》为参照,释为平定之夜。《耆夜》正文及注释涉及的"聿"、"矞"、"员"、"云",在《诗经》中都不是语助词,而是作为有意义的实词出现。"聿"、"矞"表示迅速,"员"、"云"表示下行态势的动作和变化。除此之外,"云"字还表示话语的表达。对于相关字词的训释考辨,并且找出它们在文本语境中的确切含义,是建立科学的《诗经》阐释体系不可或缺的基础,也是简帛文献研究应当有所突破的课题。

Referring to the meaning of the character qi in The Book of Songs and the military dance'Staying Overnight'(Wu Suye),the theme of the work'Qi Ye'in the Bamboo Slips at Qinghua University should be defined as'pacifying night'.The characters yu(聿),yu(矞),yuan(员),and yun(云)used in the text and notes of 'Qi Ye'are not auxiliary words indicating mood in The Book of Songs,but rather emerge as substantive words,in which the former two indicate swiftness,and the latter two indicate the downward acts and changes.Yun also indicates the beginning of a discourse.Doing textual research and interpretation of related words,as well as finding out their exact meanings in contexts,is not only the indispensable foundation in establishing the scientific interpretation system of The Book of Songs,but also an important issue in the studies of bamboo and silk documents.