黄河流域天然径流量计算解析

Analysis of Calculation of Natural Runoff in the Yellow River Basin

黄河流域天然径流量的计算是黄河流域水资源规划、调度、生产、科研的基础性工作。天然径流量主要包括实测径流量和人类活动影响的径流量两部分 ,其中实测径流量由水文测站进行断面控制 ,而人类活动对河川径流影响的量需要通过还原 ,这部分还原水量的计算工作是天然径流量计算中最重要的部分。对黄河流域还原水量的计算 ,黄委目前已有一套较为成熟的方法 ,即通过国民经济各生产部门从黄河干支流引出的水量扣除回归河道后的水量 ,便可计算出还原水量 ,也就是通常所说的净耗水量。通过介绍还原水量计算方法 ,阐述了河川径流量与水资源量的区别。

Calculation of natural runoff of the Yellow River is the basic work for water resource planning, distribution, production and scientific research of the river. Natural runoff includes mainly two parts, recorded runoff that controlled by hydrological stations at river sections and runoff influenced by artificial activities that need to be recalculated into original volume, while the recalculated part is the most important one in natural runoff calculation. There is a set of ripe ways for the recalculation of original runoff of the Yellow River in the Yellow River Conservancy Commission, which is the original runoff, the net consuming water, can be obtained through deducting the water returning back to the river from the volume of water drawing the river by water consumption departments. The difference between the calculation and water resources assessment has been mainly introduced in the paper.