医生心理授权、角色压力源与职业倦怠的关系研究

Relationship among psychological empower, role stressors and job burnout in doctors

目的探索医生心理授权、角色压力源与职业倦怠的关系。方法采用方便取样的方法，用职业倦怠量表（MBI—GS）、心理授权量表和角色压力源量表对山东省潍坊市350名医生进行调查。结果心理授权中的工作意义[（10．80±3．12）分]与自主性[（9．33±3．19）分]均与职业倦怠的3个维度呈显著负相关（r=-0．28--0．47，P〈0．01），自我效能[（11．42±2．67）分]与玩世不恭[（1．61±1．21）分]、成就感低落[（3．62±1．51）分]呈显著负相关（r=-0．23，-0．51，P〈0．01），工作影响[（8．04±3．18）分]与情绪衰竭[（1．89±1．19）分]、玩世不恭呈显著负相关（r=-0．17，-0．25，P〈0．01）。角色压力源中的3个维度与情绪衰竭、玩世不恭均呈显著正相关（r=0．15-0．45，P〈0．01），角色模糊（19．09±3．76）与成就感低落呈显著正相关（r=0．42，P〈0．01）。心理授权中自我效能与自主性对职业倦怠有显著地负向预测作用（P〈0．01）；角色压力源中角色超载（15．24±4．62）与角色模糊对职业倦怠有显著地正向预测作用（P〈0．01）。结论心理授权、角色压力源与职业倦怠密切相关，并且有重要的预测作用。

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological empower, role stressors and job burnout in doctors. Methods According to convenience sampling principle, 350 doctors were selected and as- sessed with the job burnout scale （MBI-GS）, the psychological empower scale and role stressors scale. Results The scores of meaning（10.80±3.12） and self-determination（9.33±3.19）were negatively correlated with the scores of job burnout （ r value was from -0.28 to -0.47, P〈0.01） ,the scores of self-efficacy（11.42±2.67） were negatively correlated with the scores of cynicism （ 1.61± 1.21 ）and reduced personal accomplishment （3.62±1.51 ） （r= -0.23, -0.51, P〈0.01 ）, and the scores of impact（8.04±3.18） were negatively correlated with the scores of emotional exhaustion （ 1.89± 1.19） and cynicism （r= -0.17, - 0.25, P〈0.01 ）.The scores of role stressors were pos- itively correlated with the scores of emotional exhaustion and cynicism（r= 0.15-0.45, P〈0.01 ） , and the scores of role ambiguity（19.09±3.76） were positively correlated with the scores of reduced personal accomplishment（r= 0.42, P〈0.01 ）.The self-efficacy and self-determination can negatively predict job burnout （P〈0.01） ;the role over- load（15.24±4.62） and role ambiguity can positively predict job burnout（P〈0.01 ） .Conclusion Psychological em- power and role stressors are closely related with job burnout, and have significantly predictive effects on job burn- out.