胡塞尔现象学的产生和它的心理学意蕴

The emergence and psychological implication of Husserl's phenomenology

作为西方心理学两大方法论之一,胡塞尔开创的现象学有一个发展过程。首先,现象学是以"假象学"的面目立于世的,在黑格尔的诠释下现象学被解释为显现出来的意识,之后现象学才成为胡塞尔口中的"现象学"。现象学是胡塞尔关于"现象"的研究,它强调自我的先验维度,把意识的研究放在首位,强调意向性,要求"面向事物本身"。作为一种方法论,现象学以意识经验为研究对象,如实描述,以问题为中心,坚持研究的整体性与先质后量并且反对还原的方法论,开创了西方心理学中人文主义取向的研究方法。

As the one of two methodologies of the western psychology,phenomenology which was initiat- ed by Husserl had a process of developing. Frist,phe- nomenology was illusion. Then it was consciousness by Hegel＇s interpretation. After that , Husserl raised phenomenology which is real. Phenomenology empha- sized that self-consciousness is transcendental, and put the study of consciousness at first. Phenomenology also emphasized intentionality and requested to face thing itself. As a methodology,phenomenology＇s object of study is conscious experience. Phenomenology re- quire us that we should describe things according to the facts and make problems be centered. Phe- nomenology insist on the principle of integrity,qualita- tive change before quantitative change , and object to reductionism.So phenomenology initiated the research method of humanism in western psychology.