全球视域下交战规则的起源与发展

The Origin and Development of Rules of Engagement in a Global Perspective

交战规则作为控制军队武力使用的基本手段之一,在古代军事实践中就出现萌芽。现代交战规则首先产生于朝鲜战争中美军的实践,并在越南战争中得到检验和迅速发展。英军、联合国维和部队等也发展形成了各自的交战规则。20世纪80年代,交战规则理论开始进入整合和稳定发展阶段,美军、北约、联合国等主要国家和国际组织相继出台标准交战规则。21世纪,越来越多的发展中国家开始发展各自的交战规则。

As one of primary means to control the armies＇use of force, Rules of Engagement （ROE） began to emerge out some ＂ green shoots＂ in military practice in ancient times. The modem ROE was firstly developed by US Force in Korean War, and had been tested and had progressed largely in Vietnam War. UK Force, UN Peacekeeping force and so on had also developed their own ROE. From 1980s, the ROE theory stepped into a phase of integration and normalization, the United States, the United Nations and NATO, as representatives of the major nations or international organizations, formulated standing ROE. Since the 21 st century, more and more developing countries began to develop their own ROE.