夫妻个人债务清偿路径探析——台湾地区“民法”夫妻财产制最新修订的启示

On Ways of Clearing Spouses' Personal Debts-Enlightenment from Taiwan's Latest Amendment to the Property Regime of Its Civil Law

我国台湾地区于2012年12月26日公布修正"民法"(亲属编)夫妻财产制。修正后的"民法"删除了"特别财产制"中的第1009条和1011条,增订了"通常法定财产制"中的第1030-1条的第三项。文章对此次修法的背景、目的、内容作介绍与评析,并且在此基础上对我国大陆的夫妻财产制进行分析,指出在大陆现行法定财产制下夫妻个人债务清偿存在法律障碍,提出大陆应当在现行法定财产制的内容中增加特别财产制,并允许债权人代位行使夫妻共同财产分割请求权以保护债权人的利益,并且就解决现行立法与司法实践的矛盾提出建议。

Taiwan promulgated an amendment to the property regime of husband and wife in its Kin Chapter of Civil Law on December 26, 2012. In the amended Civil Law, Articles 1009 and 1011 in its ＂Special Property Regime＂are deleted while Sub-paragraph 3 to Article 1030-1 in ＂Ordinary Statutory Property Regime＂ is added. This article introduces the background, purposes and contents of the amendment and thereby, analyses the property regime of husband and wife of the mainland. While pointing out the existing legal obstacles in clearing spouses＇ personal debts under the regime, it proposes that in addition to ordinary statutory property regime, statutory separate property regime should be established in Chinese mainland, and that the creditor should be allowed to subrogate the rights of the husband and wife to request partitioning of their commonly owned property so as to protect the interests of the creditor. Meanwhile, it offers solutions to the inconsistencies between the existing legislatures and judicial practice.