多层螺旋CT对泌尿系结石的诊断研究

Performance of multipleslice spiral CT in urinary calculi

【目的】本研究分析泌尿系结石的多层螺旋CT(multipleslice spiral CT,MSCT)和静脉肾盂造影(intravenous pyelography,IVP)的影像表现,提高对该病诊断水平和鉴别。【方法】回顾性分析经平片、IVP及钬激光证实的85例235枚泌尿系结石的临床及影像学资料,85例均行腹部平片、MSCT平扫。【结果】结石位于第一节段为肾脏,47例141枚;第二节段为输尿管第一狭窄处,21例54枚;第三节段为输尿管第三狭窄处,9例22枚;第四节段为膀胱,8例28枚。MSCT均显示结石的位置、形态、大小、数目、肾积水、输尿管炎等。其中第二节段肾积水14例,第三节段输尿管扩张9例,第四节段输尿管扩张、肾积水合并输尿管炎2例,肾囊肿6例,输尿管折曲2例,无阳性结石发现。【结论】泌尿系结石的CT表现具有一定特征性,MSCT曲面重组(curved planar reformation,CPR)可充分展现泌尿系全貌,为临床提供可靠的影像资料。

[Objective] Analysis of urinary calculi multi-layer MSCT and imaging findings of IVP, raise the level of the disease diagnosis and identification. [ Methods ] Retrospective analysis confirmed by plain radiographs, IVP and holmium laser of 85 cases of 235 urinary stones in the clinical and imaging data of 85 cases were performed abdominal plain film, MSCT scan. [Results]As a result, the stone is located in the first section for the kidney, 47cases of 141. The first segment of ureter stenosis, 21 cases of 54 pieces. The third segment of ureter third narrow place, 9 cases of 22 pieces. Fourth section of the segment for the bladder, 8 cases of 28. MSCT showed stones in the location, shape, size, number, kidney seeper, ureteritis, etc. Whose second section 14 cases of hydronephrosis, the third section 9 cases of ureteral expansion, the fourth segment ureteral expansion, hydronephrosis with ureteral infection in 2 cases, 6 cases of renal cysts, ureteral flex 2 cases, no positive stone found. [Conclusion] Urinary calculi have certain characteristic CT. Curved planar reformation（CPR） can show the urinary tract fully, and provide reliable image data for clinical.