蚊虫分类研究（双翅目：蚊科）的历史回顾与我国现状

ON THE MOSQUITO SYSTEMATICS （DIPTERA： CULICIDAE） ： HISTORICAL REVIEW AND CURRENT STATUS IN CHINA

本文根据历年和近年蚊虫分类研究代表性文献作历史回顾和评述。蚊虫的传统形态分类在20世纪初开始发展，蚊虫的分类理念在反复争议和修订的历史中演变，直至《世界蚊虫名录，第二版》出版，一个相对稳定的蚊科分类系统才被公众认可。通过“细胞遗传”和“分子鉴别”方法用于蚊种鉴别，缓解了复合体成员种形态分类鉴别中发生误订和混淆的困扰。21世纪初，以形态特征量化数据分析为基础的蚊虫系统发育分类研究，对提高蚊虫分类鉴别水平产生明显的影响。新分类理念体现蚊类的系统发育关系是一个重大的进步。传统分类的改革不仅是分类理念，还应提供合理的方法和操作程序。近年伊蚊族及相关分类单元的研究中发现许多新属，新组合属及属级分类地位的变更，可以显示其活力和效率。新的分类理念认为传统分类系统缺乏对蚊科系统发育关系的体现是一个重要障碍，并将蚊科新分类系统修订为2亚科11族。关于我国蚊虫分类现状，作者试对以往记录予以修订，并提出新分类系统包括：2亚科10族45属420种（包括伊蚊族分类地位待定的已知蚊11种）。其中我国蚊属新记录：路蚊属Lutzia和金蚊属Kimia在文内作了简介。

The present paper deals with the mosquito systematics recorded in representative research literatures over the past and current years. The traditional classification of mosquitoes developed at the early twentieth century. The conceptions of mosquito systematics would be evolved in historic aspect of controversies and revised repeatedly. A relatively stable classification system of the family Culicidae and allied taxa was confirmed until the publication of ＇ A catalog of the mosquitoes of the world, second edition＇. The methods of cytogenetics and molecular identification have been used for members of the mosquito complex species identification, and ease up the troubles of misidentification or obscurities. At the beginning of 21th century, the studies on phylogeny and classification of Culicidae based on numerical morphology data analyses produced distinct influence for enhance the level of mosquito systematics. The new classification promises a major progress in comprehensive phylogeny of mosquitoes and the reformation of the traditional classification, which might affect not only in taxonomic ideas, but also with rational methods and procedures. The results of recent studies on tribe Aedini and allied taxa including many new genera, new composites, and changes of generic ranks indicates its activity and efficiency. The newly taxonomic conception suggested that the absence of comprehensive phylogeny for mosquitoes is a major obstacle in traditional classification, and suggested a new revised classification systems of the family Culicidae containing 2 subfamilies and 11 tribes. As for the current status of mosquito systemics in China, the authors try to revise the family Culcidae formerly recorded in China, and propose a new classification system, including 2 subfamilies, 10 tribes, 45 genera, and 420 species （including 11 taxonomic uncertainty species in tribe Aedini）. Among them, the newly recorded mosquito genera of China： genus Lutzia and genus Kimia were briefly introduced.