出生季节与儿童特应性疾病分析

Association between season of birth and atopic disease in childer

目的：分析出生季节与儿童特异性疾病的关系，为疾病的预防提供线索和依据。方法选取2012年4月至11月在过敏反应科就诊的421名儿童，通过问卷调查收集相关信息；采用检验比较病例组与对照组的一般情况、家族史和环境暴露因素，应用多因素logistic回归分析儿童特异性疾病与出生季节的关系。结果病例组与对照组儿童的年龄、出生季节、母亲过敏史、父亲吸烟和近两年居住场所装修间的差别具有统计学意义。调整协变量年龄、母亲过敏史、父亲吸烟和近两年居住场所装修后，采用多因素logistic回归分析出生季节与特异性疾病的关系，出生季节具有统计学意义。夏季和秋季出生的儿童相比春季出生的儿童不易患特应性疾病，OR值分别为0．528和0．517。结论出生季节与儿童特应性疾病有关，春季出生的儿童的父母应在生活中关注特应性疾病，尽量减少此类疾病的发生。

Objective To analyze the association between season of birth and atopic disease in children, and provide a basis for preventive measures.Methods Four hundred and twenty-one children were selected at the department of allergy from April to November in 2012 .The questionnaires were completed by the parents of children .We used chi-square to test the distri-bution of general condition , family medical history and environmental exposure factors between the case group and the control group.Multiple logistic regression model was used to assessthe association between season of birth and atopic disease.Results The distribution difference of age, birth season, maternal history of allergy, fathersmoking and house decoration in recent two years were statistically significant.After the covariates such as age, maternal disease history, father smoking and house decora-tion in recent two years were adjusted , the season of birth was statistically significant .The result of multiple logistic regression a-nalysis showed that, the children who were born in summer and autumn were less likely to get atopic diseases when compared with the ones who were born in spring （OR：0.528 and 0.517）.Conclusion The season of birth is closely related to atopic disease in children.In order toreduce the prevalence rate of atopic disease, the parents whose children were bornin spring should pay attention to the atopic diseases.