热纤梭菌高效降解木质纤维素过程的组学研究进展

Mics of the Clostridium thermocellum in lignocellulose degradation—A review

热纤梭菌(Clostridium thermocellum)是高效降解木质纤维素的重要微生物,因其能分泌纤维小体这一超分子酶系复合物而备受关注。它分泌的酶系组分多样,胞外酶组分的表达、分泌及其在纤维小体支架蛋白上的组装是一受到胞外碳源等因素显著影响的动态过程。热纤梭菌究竟如何感知纤维素等不溶性底物的存在并动态调控相应酶组分的分泌,完成具有高效降解能力的超分子酶系复合物的组装成为近几年来相关研究的热点。本文主要从基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学及菌体对胞外碳源的感应机制等方面来综述相关研究进展,并对热纤梭菌降解天然复杂生物质的动态过程及其相应机制进行了剖析,并展望其应用前景。

Clostridium thermoceUum （C. thermocellum ） is the dominant microorganism that can efficiently degrade lignocellulose. Extensive studies were done for secreting the cell surface-bound protein complex known as the cellulosome. C. thermocellum is regulated by carbon sources, reflected in overall multiple cellulase production and in the cellulosomal subunit profile. To produce a cellulosomal protein complex is a dynamic assembly process. In recent years, it becomes a hotspot to study how C. thermocellum senses the insoluble substrate, regulates the secretion of relevant enzymes, and assembles the supramolecular-degradation enzyme complex. This review summarized the research advance in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomies and extracellular carbohydrate-sensing mechanism in C. thermoceUum, and analyzed the mechanism and dynamic process of C. thermocellum in lignocellulose degradation.