应用路径式健康教育预防老年骨质疏松性骨折的效果分析

The preventive effect of pathway type of health education on senile osteoporotic fracture

目的探讨路径式健康教育预防老年骨质疏松性骨折的效果。方法 2011年6—9月期间募得我院周边老年骨质疏松老年居民共200例,根据纳入研究项目的次序单双号分为对照组和观察组,每组各100例。对照组研究对象接受传统的健康教育,观察组研究对象接受路径式健康教育干预,随访研究对象两年。结果对照组和观察组研究对象在两年随访期内日均户外运动时间有增加[对照组(5.3±3.4)min vs观察组(15.4±7.9)min,P<0.05],日均吸烟数量减少[对照组(4.2±3.4)支vs观察组(9.4±6.7)支,P<0.05],观察组研究对象的变化值均大于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组研究对象两年内坚持药物干预的比例高于对照组(对照组34.0%vs观察组82.0%,P<0.05),而发生跌倒[对照组(10.5±6.4)次vs观察组(5.4±3.0)次,P<0.05]、骨折[对照组(0.8±0.4)次vs观察组(0.4±0.2)次,P<0.05]的次数则低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论路径式健康教育能更好的预防老年骨质疏松性骨折的发生。

Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of pathway type of health education on senile osteoporotic frac- ture. Methods 200 senile inhabitants with osteoporosis were recruited and grouped into control group and observed group e- qually by odd or even number of their admitted order. People in control group received conventional health education about osteo- porosis and osteoporotie fracture while people in observed group received pathway type of health education in the next 2 years. Results There were statistical differences between the two groups in the 2-year follow-up period in added time of daily outdoor sport （5.3 ± 3.4 for control group vs 15. 4± 7. 9 for observed group, P 〈 0. 05 ）, decrements of daily smoking （4. 2 ± 3.4 for control group vs 9. 4 ± 6. 7 for observed group, P 〈 0. 05 ）, compliance rates （34. 0% for control group vs 82. 0% for observed group, P 〈 0 05 ） and cases of fall （ 10. 5 ± 6. 4 for control group vs 5.4 ±3. 0 for observed group, P 〈 0. 05 ） and fractures （0. 8±0. 4 for control group vs 0. 4± 0. 2 for observed group, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Pathway type of health education is preferable for prevention of senile osteoporotic fracture.