宋明地方志与南昌地区许逊信仰的变迁

Local Gazetteers and the Evolution of Xu Xun Beliefs in Nanchang from Song to Ming Dynasty

在今江西南昌地区许逊信仰的历史变迁中,道教内外人士都对许逊形象进行过多重塑造,使其兼具道教与民间祠神的色彩。其间,除了《道藏》材料,宋明地方志起到独特作用。一方面,宋明方志在与许逊相关记载方面表现出的序列变化,与唐宋以来道教人士对许逊形象的重塑以及宋元净明道的发展同步;另一方面,由于唐宋时期的《图经》成为地方神祇进入祀典、走向合法化的重要载体,地方志又以儒家传统经典为收纳祠神的标准,这些影响到了明代南昌地区许逊形象的转变。通过明代地方志的再次塑造,许逊从一位斩蛟水神、道教真君、净明道祖师进而演变为一位符合儒家祭祀经典要求、有功于地方社会的福主,进入地方祀典。

Xu Xun had been shaped multiply by both inside and outside the Taoisr to make him be both the gods of Taoisr and popular beliefs in the evolution of Xu Xun beliefs in Nanchang area. The local gazetteers had played the unique role besides the Taoist Scriptures（道藏） in the evolution. On one hand, the sequence changes of Xu Xun in local gazetteers had been synchronous with the reshaping by Taoist since the Tang and the Song Dynasties and the development of .ling ming Sect （净明道） during the Song and the Yuan Dynasties. On the other hand, because＂ map guide＂ C Tujing （图经） of Tang and Song Dynasties was the carrier in which local deities were taken in country＇s Register of Sacrificescte（祀典） and made them legalized, the image of Xu Xun was reshaped according to country＇s Register of Sacrifices in Nanchang during the Ming Dynasty. Xu Xun was reshaped from a water god who could chop dragons living in nvcrs , a Cheng Chun（真君 ） of Taoist. the founder of .I ing ming Sect ro the local patron saint who met the Confucian ritual classics and had performed meritorious service to the local people by local gazetteers of M ing Dynasty, thereby being taken in the local Register of Sacrifices.