20世纪60年代联邦德国二战历史教育的变革——以阿多诺社会批判思想为背景

The Reform of Holocaust Education in FRG in 1960s

受冷战形势的影响,20世纪50年代的联邦德国二战历史教育偏离了历史事实,德国大众试图逃避历史罪责。阿多诺不满于战后德国社会的大众文化,在20世纪五六十年代发表以"奥斯维辛之后的教育"为代表的系列电台演说。他批判德国大众文化中暗藏的"野蛮",诸如"冷漠"、"坚强"、"集体性"、"权威人格"和"物化"等阴暗面,呼吁对儿童的教育和大众的启蒙。阿多诺"奥斯维辛之后的教育"思想激起了德国青年人对父辈历史的质疑,并对60年代以后的德国政治历史教育产生了深远影响。

Because of the Cold War, the Federal Republic of Gcrmany ＇ s World War II history education deviated from the facts of history. In the 1950s,Germans were trying to evade the historical guilt. Adorno was dissatisfied with the mass culture in post war German society, and published a series of radio address, in which ., Education after Auschwitz＂ is most well known. He criticized the ＂barbaric＂ in （~erman mass culture, such as ＂cold＂,＂ strong＂ , ＂ collective＂ , ＂ authoritarian personality＂ and＂ materialized＂ and other dark side. He called for children＇s education and public enlightenment in these address. Adorno＇s ideology of ＂Education after Auschwitz＂ aroused the young people＇s anger in Germany, who questioned their parents＇ history during the Nazi era. Adorno＇s ideology exerted a profound influence on the Ccrman political history education since 1960s.