市场环境下梯级负荷分配模型及最优运行策略研究

Study on load distribution model and optimal operation strategy for cascade hydropower stations in market conditions

在市场环境下当电网下达梯级日内96点负荷曲线后,由梯级电站根据自身梯级情况进行厂间负荷分配,这时由于梯级存在水量、电价、水头等多种因素,该负荷分配面临高维数、多约束问题。目前梯级负荷分配模型缺乏理论上公认的优化目标和边界条件,存在不同优化目标,本文以市场环境下梯级总效益最大化出发,研究比较不同负荷分配优化模型及其最优梯级负荷分配方案,建立梯级调度期末能量与价值的理论公式,提出了适宜于高水头梯级电站的负荷分配模型和相关指标并进行实例验证。研究为梯级电厂实现节水增发的短期优化调度提供了新的思路。

When the grid issues a load curve of 96 points within one day to cascade hydropower stations, how to allocate the load demand over these stations in the existing hydrological conditions and reservoir levels and the market conditions needs be decided. This is a high dimension multi-constraint problem involved with various factors such as water quantity, electricity price and water head. The related theory of optimization goal and boundary conditions for such load distribution, however, has not yet been established and different optimization models and goals are currently used. This paper focuses on a comparison and analysis of optimal distribution schemes of cascade stations produced by different optimization models, and presents theoretical formulas for calculation of the energy and water value at the end of planning stage. We also develop a suitable model for optimization of load allocation and verify it in a case study. This study would provide a new approach to water saving and generation efficient short-term optimization.