随州市发热伴血小板减少综合征的流行病学特征研究

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of fever accompanying by thrombocytopenia syndrome in Suizhou

目的分析随州市发热伴血小板减少综合征（SFTS）的流行特征，探讨可能的传播途径，为SFTS防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学对2010年-2012年监测数据进行分析，对病例进行个案调查和病原学检测分析；选择有确诊病例的村进行传播媒介蜱密度调查和家畜总抗体水平调查及蜱的检测。结果随州市2010年-2012年共报告发热伴血小板减少综合征病例205例，其中确诊病例73例，死亡15例；呈散发状态，发病高峰在5月-7月；发病年龄为38岁～86岁（M=59岁）；农民占98．63％，发病病例与蜱密度季节消长呈正相关。采集的91例住院病例新布尼亚病毒（SFTSV）核酸阳性率为54．94％；健康人的总抗体阳性率为3．82％；病例家宿主动物总抗体阳性率为63．15％，羊蜱的svrsv核酸阳性率为17．65％。结论随州市为SFTS高发地区，发病主要在春夏季。提示重点防护人群为农民，蜱可能是传播媒介，做好宣传防护。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome （SFTS） in Suizhou and explore the possible route of transmission, in order to provide evidence for prevention and control of SFTS. Methotis Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the surveillance data during 2010 - 2012. Case survey and etio-logical test were used to analyze the patients. Villages with confirmed cases were involved for investigation of medium density of ticks, total antibody level of livestock and tick detection. Results From 2010 to 2012, 205 SFTS cases were reported in Suizhou. There were 73 confirmed cases and 15 deaths. Cases were sporadic, and the incidence peak occurred between May and July. The age of cases ranged from 38 to 86. Farmers accounted for 98.63%. The number of cases was positively related to the density and seasonal fluctuation of tick. The positive rate of bunyavirus （SFTSV） nucleic acid in 91 hospitalized cases was 54.94%. The positive rate of total antibody among healthy population was 3.82%, while that was 63.15% among host animals in cases family. The positive rate of SFTSV nucleic acid was 17.65% in sheep groups. Conclusion The prevalence of SFTS was high in Suizhou. Spring and summer were the incidence peak of SFTS. Farmers were high risk population and tick might be the communication medium, so propaganda concerning protection should be enhanced.