海南岛城镇体系等级层次结构研究

Analysis on Hierarchical Organization of Hainan Island Urban System

等级层次结构是城镇体系高级层面的结构形态,是对城镇综合实力的评定,是城镇体系结构调整的重要依据.本研究选取能够反映城镇综合实力的中心性强度构建了包含城镇规模、经济实力、基础设施、社会生活、资源基础、和社会管理等6个方面共17个指标的评价体系;运用主成分分析方法计算了2010年海南省岛内18个市县的中心性强度值.结合海南省行政区划现状.可以看出:首先,从结构组成来看,经过20余年的建设,海南省已形成了以省会海口为中心的5级等级层次体系,较高等级城市比例仅为16.67%,省域城镇体系发展尚处于刚起步的初级阶段;其次,从空间布局来看,全岛虽已建立了依托路网的初级体系,但由于区域核心城市的吸引力较弱,急需通过加强琼北海口市、琼南三亚市的核心带动作用,深入发展省内其他市县的整体实力,提高其等级层次结构,促进海南全岛的繁荣振兴.

The hierarchical organization of an urban system conveys its structure formation on a higher level. It indicates the comprehensive strength of a city, which lends itself well to be the sound basis for adjusting the structure effectively of an urban system. This paper established an evaluation system to assess city＇s comprehensive strength, which consisted of 6 aspects （city size, economic power, infrastructure, quality of life, natural resources, social management） and in total 17 indices. Principal component analysis was used to compute the comprehensive strength for the 18 cities in Hainan Province for the year 2010. Firstly, by referencing to the current provincial regional planning, this paper found that 20 years of construction fed to an urhan system with a 5-layer structure, with the provincial capital Haikou as its center. Cities with higher competing capacity only took 16.67%, indicating an early pre-mature stage of the system＇s structure evolution. Secondly, the leading role of Haikou in the north and Sanya in the south was highly expected to be enhanced in order to initiate a full-scale evolution of the hierarchical, organization of the provincial urban system, promoting the economic prosperity of the entire island of Hainan Province.