南水北调受水区地下水保护刍议

Protection of groundwater in benefited regions of South-to-North Water Diversion Project

针对南水北调受水区地下水严重超采现状,综合考虑地下水保护的障碍与难题,采取实证调查及以利益为导向的政策研究方法,提出南水北调受水区地下水管理与保护应当采取综合的对策措施:理顺地下水管理体制,建立健全部门沟通协调的合作机制;结合替代水源建设合理配置水资源,压减开采地下水;结合地下水开采分区管理实行最严格的取水许可,严格控制地下水开采;实行总量控制与地下水位管理相结合,强化地下水动态监测;建立地下水压采激励性水价政策,探索地下水压采生态补偿机制;全面推进节水型社会建设,提高水资源利用效率与效益。

With regard to the serious situation of groundwater over-exploitation in the benefited regions of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, comprehensively considering obstacles and challenges for groundwater protection,the integrated measures for the groundwater management and protection are proposed for the benefited regions of South-to-North Water Diversion Project by means of the methods of empirical investigation and benefit-oriented way. The measures are as follows:( 1) rationalization of the groundwater management system and establishement and improvement of cooperation mechanism of communication and coordination among various departments;( 2) establishment of rational water resoucrce allocation based on alternative water sources and reduction of groundwater exploitation;( 3) implementation of the severest water drawing permit based on zoning management of groundwater exploitation and strict control of groundwater exploitation;( 4) combination of total amount control and groundwater table managemnt and strengthening of dynamic monitoring of groundwater;( 5) establishement of excitation water price policy for exploitation control of groundwater and exploration of ecological compensation mechanism;( 6) establishement of water saving society and promotion of utilization efficiency and benefit of water resources.