中国科技体制改革、科技资源配置与创新效率

Science and Technology System Reform,Allocation of S&T Resources and the Innovation Efficiency in China

以资源配置和创新效率的新视角研究中国科技体制改革并得出新的观点:改革第一阶段,科技资金配置和创新效率未有效改善;外部技术产业化和内部研发成本高企,导致技术交易市场、企业内部科技机构的收效甚微;企业主要依赖技术改造积累创新能力。第二阶段,强制科研机构企业化转制,同时降低了技术产业化、内部研发和技术市场交易的成本,明显提高了企业创新效率和科技资金份额;科研机构的效率虽提高,但低于企业,原因是其人员和设备的效率都较低。

In the perspective of resources allocation and the innovation efficiency , the paper studies the science and technology system reform of China and draws a new idea.In the first stage of reform , the S＆amp;T funds allocation and the innovation efficiency were not significantly improved;internal S＆amp;T institutions of enterprises and technology trade markets didn ’ t work because of high costs of the internal R＆amp;D activities and the external technology industri -alization;enterprises mainly relied on technological transformation to accumulate their innovation abilities.In the second stage , the enforcement of public research institutions ’ transforming into enterprises simultaneously reduced costs of technology industrialization , internal R＆amp;D activities and technology trade , hence evidently enhanced the enterprises’ innovation efficiency and S＆amp;T funds share allocated to enterprises;the innovation efficiency of public research institutions increases , but are still lower than that of enterprises due to their low efficiency of S＆amp;T person-nel and facilities.