清代至民国时期新疆民汉双语教育事业

Bilingual Education in Xinjiang during Qing Dynasty and Republic of China

清代和民国时期是新疆社会转型的重要时期,为新疆民汉双语教育进入近代化提供了难得的历史条件和发展机遇。新疆是一个多民族、多语言、多文化、多宗教的边疆地区,民汉双语教育的成效既是衡量民族教育事业的一项显著标志,也是影响民族团结、经济社会发展和边疆安全的重要变量。文章从新疆民汉双语教育的发展历程、政策评价、语言建构及文化含义等四个方面展开论述,旨在对清代至民国时期新疆民汉双语教育事业作多维度解读,其经验和教训对调适和完善我国民族教育政策,促进民族教育事业可持续发展有所启迪。

Qing dynasty and Republic of China were important periods of social change in Xinjiang , which provided rare historical conditions and developing opportunity for bilingual education ’ s stepping into modern times in Xinjiang .As a region with multi-ethnics, languages, cultures and religions, the effect on bilingual education was a prominent mark of eth-nic education.In this article, the authors discussed the development history , evaluation policies, language construction and cultural meanings of bilingual education in Xinjiang , enlightens the experiences and the lessons for adjusting and perfecting China’s ethnic educational policy , and for promoting the sustainable development of ethnic education .