分期力量训练对中长跑运动员跑步经济性的影响

Effects of period-specific strength training on the running economy of middle and long distance runners

为探索分期与传统力量训练对中长跑运动员跑步经济性的影响,以西安体育学院竞技体校12名男子中长跑运动员为研究对象。经12周对比实验发现:与非分期力量训练相比,分期力量训练对中长跑运动员最大摄氧量和跑步经济性提高效果更明显。而且,在影响程度上表现出对65%VO2max的RE影响程度最显著,对应5 000 m专项成绩提高的幅度也最大,其次为75%VO2max的RE。相比之下,85%VO2max的RE提高的幅度最小。结果说明分期力量训练有助于中长跑运动员跑步经济性的提高,具有专项特征。分期力量训练可按基础期、最大力量期、肌肉耐力转化期、保持期及过渡期进行。

In order to probe into effects of period-specific and traditional strength training on the running economy of middle and long distance runners, the authors selected 12 male middle and long distance runners in Athletics School of Xi’an Physical Education University as their research subjects, and revealed the following findings after a 12-week comparative experiment：as compared with non period-specific strength training, period-specific strength training had a more significant effect on improving the maximum oxygen intake and running economy of middle and long distance runners, and in terms of the degree of effect, its effect on the RE of 65%VO2max was the most significant, followed by its effect on the RE of 75%VO2max;its improvement on corresponding 5 000 m event per-formance was the greatest as well;comparatively, its improvement on the RE of 85%VO2max was the smallest. The said findings indicated that period-specific strength training is conducive to improving the running economy of middle and long distance runners, provided with event characteristics. Period-specific strength straining can be car-ried out based on foundation period, maximum strength period, muscle stamina transformation period, maintenance period and transition period.