种业企业植物品种权申请状况分析

An Analysis of Application Condition of Plant Varieties Right of Seed Enterprises

企业是种业发展的主体。加强育种创新、获取植物品种权是提升种业企业核心竞争力的关键。通过对1999-2012年我国种业公司植物品种权申请情况进行分析,可以发现:我国植物品种权申请呈现出快速增长的良好态势;种业公司申请占比逐渐增加,企业正日益成为商业化育种、成果转化与应用的主体。从分地区来看,种业企业品种权申请的地区差异非常大,要充分发挥龙头种业企业对地区现代种业发展的带动作用,扶持一批现代农作物种业集团。从分品种来看,不同类别的品种权申请存在很大的差异,与水稻相比,玉米育种的市场化程度更高;蔬菜、花卉作为附加值高、利润大的经济作物面临非常严峻的国际竞争,应发挥市场机制的引导作用,鼓励包括私人资本在内的大型企业进入农作物种业。

Enterprise is the main body of seed industry development .It is the key to promoting the core competitiveness of seed enterprise by enhancing breeding innovation and acquiring plant varieties right .By analyzing the application situ-ation of plant varieties rights of seed enterprises from 1999 to 2012 , the paper found application of plant varieties right had increased fast in China;application proportion of seed enterprise increased gradually , enterprise is increasingly be-coming the main body of commercialized breeding and achievements transformation .Seed enterprises′application of plant varieties right varied considerably in different areas .It is necessary to give support to modern crop seed industry group . Seed enterprises′application of plant varieties right also differs greatly between different plant categories .Degree of mar-ketization of maize breeding is higher than that of rice .As economic crops of high added value and higher profit , vegeta-bles and flowers faced fierce international competition .It is important to exert the guiding role of market mechanism , en-courage large enterprises and private capital to enter into the seed industry .