论TAC制度的经济学演进及其在中国实施的路径选择

A Study on the Economics Evolution of the TAC System and Its Implementation Approaches in China

渔业是一项对自然资源存量高度依赖的产业。在渔业资源全球性衰退和以控制投入为主的管理模式成效不佳的背景下,以控制产出为指向的TAC及相关制度受到世界各主要渔业国的青睐。文章紧密结合我国渔业生产实际,系统梳理了TAC制度的发展脉络、主要特点和经济学演进,深入分析了制约TAC制度在我国实施的主要因素,并从严格执行渔船"双控"和捕捞日志制度,加强资源调查与统计工作,完善渔业资源管理立法,改进行政执法方式,发展渔业专业合作组织等角度,提出了贴合实际、针对性和可操作性强的实施路径。

Aiming at limitation of fishery output, the TAC （total allowable catch） system which has taken root in the research achievement of economics of law and administrative law has produced notable results in major fishery countries with many kinds of implementing forms, such as IQS, EQS, ICQS, ITQS and so on. However, the advanced nature of the law must be subordinate to its applicability. Constrained by the policy support, resources survey, internal environment and law enforcement, TAC system failed to put into practice in China since it was provided in the fishery law in 2000. According to the characteristics of fishery resources and fisheries management, the author puts forward constructive suggestions for the choice of implementation path of China,s TAC system based on deep analysis of the economics evolution of the TAC system and its implementation dilemma in China.