论翻译的认知世界和语篇翻译的认知原则

On the Cognitive World in Translation and the Cognitive Principle of Text Translation

对认知主体而言,存在着三个世界,即客观世界、认知世界和语言世界,其中认知世界是客观世界和语言世界的中介。翻译研究与翻译涉及的互动的多重世界,主要是两种语言语篇的语言世界及其反映的客观世界、认知世界,紧密相关。语篇翻译译者应深入分析原文文本的微观语言世界,主要在预测目标读者所具备的认知世界知识和解读译文时可能获得的译文识解的基础上,根据两种语言在语篇表达上的异同,坚持译文与原文在语篇微观认知世界上的最佳相似性这一语篇翻译的认知原则,构建译文语篇的微观语言符号世界,借此译文读者便可能获得译者所期待的对译文语篇的认知解读。

To the cognitive subject, there exist three worlds： the objective world, the cognitive world, and the linguistic world, of which the cognitive world is the medium bridging the objective world and the linguistic world. The study of translation is closely related with the interactive multiple worlds in translating, which mainly involve the linguistic worlds of the texts in the two languages and the cognitive worlds and the objective worlds they reflect. In textual translation, taking into full account the common ground and differences between the two languages in text construction, the translator should delve into the micro language world of the text he is translating, analyze the target reader＇s cognitive world knowledge and the comprehension he probably obtains in his construal of the translated text, and construct the micro language world in the target text according to the cognitive principle of pursuing optimal closeness in textual cognitive world between the original text and the target text, thus enabling the target reader to obtain probably the textual cognition of the translated text as the translator expects.