巨噬细胞极化的信号通路及其与疾病的关系

Relationship Between Macrophage Polarization Signal Pathways and Disease

巨噬细胞是具有异质性的一类免疫细胞,近年来巨噬细胞极化受到关注。巨噬细胞在体内外不同环境影响下可极化为不同表型。目前认为巨噬细胞极化是单核细胞活化后一系列功能状态的两个极端。由于巨噬细胞极化涉及到不同信号通路及多种转录因子的调控,且极化后与多种疾病发生发展相关,故本文介绍巨噬细胞极化相关情况、极化信号通路及调控因子、可塑性及其与相关疾病的关系。中药对巨噬细胞极化的影响可能是其发挥免疫调节作用的重要机制。

As a heterogeneous group of immune cells, macrophages and its polarization have caused high attention in recent years. Macrophages can be polarized into different phenotypes under various environment in vivo and in vitro. The macrophage polarization is considered as two extremes of monocyte activation in a series of functional status, which is regulated by different signaling pathways and transcription factors. More and more researches showed that the polarization is related to the development of many diseases. Based on the recent research, the macrophage polarization, signal pathways, regulatory factors, plasticity and the relationship with diseases were introduced in this paper. It is also suggested that Chinese herbal medicine may play an important role in affecting the polarization.