海外温商的群体特征及未来走向分析——以佛罗伦萨制包企业中的温商为例

The Analysis on the Group Characteristics of Overseas Wenzhou Businessmen——A Case of the Wenzhou Businessmen in the Bag-manufacturing Enterprises in Florence

温州人凭借吃苦耐劳的精神和乡土性社会关系资源,善于在全国各地和世界各地求生存、谋发展。意大利佛罗伦萨市居住着近万名温州人,他们已成为当地制包产业集群的主力军,为整个欧洲皮包市场、甚至全球大部分一线皮包品牌市场进行生产。将在佛温商企业分为创新设计型企业、代工生产型企业和自主生产型企业,在此基础上分析了海外温商群体的五个特征:温商靠随亲带故形成在佛的社会关系网络;温商群体在中国国内属于非精英群体;先打工、后老板是他们在佛的基本创业模式;吃苦耐劳是立足当地社会的根本要求;温商参加社会活动的活跃性出现两级分化。不同类型企业的温商所体现出来的群体特征是有差异的,这些特征和差异决定了在佛温商的未来走向。

Abstract： Wenzhounese are good at surviving and developing in the world depending on their tough spirit and the resource of native social relationship. There are almost 10 thousand Wenzhounese living in Florence, a city of Italy. They have become the main force of the local bag-manufacturing industrial cluster, and are working for the whole bag market in Europe, and even for the global bag markets of the majority of premium brands. These enterprises are classified into three types of innovation, OEM and auto-production ones, and based on this classification, the analysis is made on the five group characteristics of overseas Wenzhou businessmen： the social network formed by ties of blood or affinity, the non-elite group they belong to, the basic entrepreneur mode, hard work as the basic requirement, and the polarization of their activeness in public activities. Different types of enterprises differ in the group characteristics, and this determines the development direction of the overseas Wenzhou businessmen in the future.