液氨泄漏事故的大气环境危害性模拟预测研究

以液氨储罐泄漏事故对大气环境的影响为研究对象,分析了典型化学品泄漏的大气扩散特征,简要介绍了高斯烟团模型,并使用基于该模型的RiskSystem1.2软件对某假定一次液氨储罐发生灾害性事故状态下的泄漏进行模拟。预测出在一定稳定度、不同风速不同时刻下液氨的半致死浓度、重度及轻度伤害范围等的下风向距离和不同风速条件下液氨的最大落地浓度,以期为使用RiskSystem1.2进行大气环境风险评价提供一定帮助,并在此基础上提出具体的防范措施及应急预案,为该类事故的应急救援工作提供一定参考。

Liquid ammonia storage tank spill impacts on atmospheric environment as the study subject, the paper analyzed the atmospheric dispersion characteristics of typical chemical spills, introduced the Gaussian plume model briefly, based on the model, by using RiskSystem1.2 software to simulate the assumed leakage of liquid ammonia storage tank under severe accident conditions, predict the lethal concentration range of liquid ammonia and downwind distance of severe and mild injury range under a certain stability condition, different wind speed and different time ; as well the maximum ground concentration of the liquid ammonia at different wind speed conditions. It is expected to provide some helps for atmospheric environmental risk assessment by using RiskSysteml.2 software,and proposed specific preventive measures and emergency plans for providing a reference on the type of accident emergency rescue work.