斜视圆迹环扫SAR模式特性分析及成像方法

Analysis of the characteristics of squint circular scanning SAR and its imaging method

圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达是一种通过增加方位扫描速度来实现快速大场景成像的新型合成孔径雷达成像模式.相比于常见的正侧视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达,斜视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达由于其独特的观测角度,拥有正侧视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达所不具备的观测优势.但是,现有的正侧视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达信号特性分析方法以及成像技术已不再适用于斜视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达.针对此问题,结合斜视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达的运动特点,建立了回波距离模型,并进一步分析了方位扫描速度、多普勒特性及方位分辨率等参数,从中揭示了斜视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达和经典直线模式之间的内在联系,给出了适用于斜视圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达的成像算法.

Circular scanning SAR（CSSAR） is a new mode for fast large area SAR imaging by increasing the azimuth scanning speed. The squint CSSAR possesses the advantages that the side-looking CSSAR does not have due to its unique observing direction. However, the available signal characteristic analysis and imaging method for side-looking CSSAR become questionable when applied to the squint CSSAR. This paper establishes the echo range model and analyzes several parameters such as azimuth scanning speed, Doppler characteristics and azimuth resolution according to the moving feature of squint CSSAR. Furthermore, the internal relationship between the squint CSSAR and the classical stripmap mode is revealed. The range approximation model as well as the corresponding imaging method is analyzed. Computer simulation results validate the conclusions and the imaging method.